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Business
贸易版块
Bartleby
巴托比专栏
The Fashion for Passion
酷爱任务的风气
The pitfalls of loving your job a little too much
过于酷爱任务的圈套
Back in the dim and distant past, job candidates had interests or hobbies.
在悠远的过来，求职人有本人的兴味或喜好。
Those interests could be introspective: reading a book was a perfectly acceptable way of spending your spare time.
这些兴味可以是自察的：阅读是一种完全可以承受的消遣方法。
No longer.
现在可不可了。
Today you will probably be asked if you have a “personal passion project”, and the more exhausting your answer sounds, the better.
如今，你能够会被问到能否有“团体喜好项目”，你的答复听起来越累人越好。
Go white-water rafting, preferably with orphans.
玩漂泊，最好是和孤儿一同。
Help build motorway crossings for endangered animals.
帮濒危植物在高速公路建筑平安通道。
If you must read, at least do so in the original.
假如非要阅读，至多该读原版书。
Passion is becoming a staple for workplace success.
酷爱正在成为职场乐成的次要要素。
A new piece of research from Jon Jachimowicz and Hannah Weisman of Harvard Business School includes an analysis of 200m job postings in America.
哈佛商学院的乔恩·杰希奥维茨和汉娜·魏斯曼的一项新研讨对美国2亿条雇用信息停止了剖析。
It finds that the number which explicitly mention “passion” rose over time, from 2% in 2007 to 16% in 2019.
研讨发明，明白提到“酷爱”的雇用信息数目随着工夫的推移而添加，从2007年的2%上升到2019年的16%。
Career websites offer helpful advice on how to come across as passionate about deeply ordinary pursuits.
求职网站提供了一些有效的发起，教你怎样给人留下十分酷爱平凡任务的印象。
Here is a suggestion from one site on how to talk to prospective employers about putting things into an oven.
以下是一家网站的发起，关于怎样与潜伏店主议论怎样将食品放进烤箱。
“I love the process of researching new recipes and testing them out.
"我喜好研讨新食谱并去实验的进程。
I’ve been writing up my experiences with baking for the past three years…I’m very detail-oriented, and love the scientific aspects of baking.
过来三年里我不断都有记载烘焙经历…我十分注意细节，喜好研讨烘焙的迷信原理。
However, I’m also a very social person, and use my baking as a chance to get together with friends and family.”
但我也是一个十分喜好交际的人，应用烘焙这个契机常和冤家家人相聚。"
Do not say: “I just really like cake.”
不要说：“我便是真的很喜好蛋糕。”
Once inside an organisation, passion for the job also seems to be a good way to get ahead.
进入一个构造后，酷爱任务好像也是锋芒毕露的好办法。
Another paper by Mr Jachimowicz, along with Ke Wang of Harvard Kennedy School and Erica Bailey of Columbia Business School, found that employees who were regarded as more passionate than their peers got more positive feedback as well as more promotion and training opportunities.
杰希奥维茨与哈佛大学肯尼迪学院的王可(音译)、哥伦比亚商学院的艾丽卡·贝利配合撰写的另一篇论文发明，被以为比同侪更有豪情的员工会失掉更多的积极反应，以及更多的提升和培训时机。
Other research has found that workers who cry at work are more highly regarded if they attribute these displays of emotions to caring too much.
其他研讨发明，在任务中哭泣的员工会失掉更高的评价——假如这些心情的体现是由于太甚在乎任务。
On the surface the fashion for passion makes sense.
从外表上看，盛行讲酷爱是有原理的。
Better, surely, for an employee to be enthused than not.
员工热情一点总比不热情要好。
Most workers want to do a job they love; most companies want a workforce that is committed and motivated.
大少数员工想做喜好的任务，大少数公司想要全力以赴、积极朝上进步的员工。
The case for unbridled energy is particularly strong for certain types of companies.
关于某些范例的公司来说，想要精神有限的员工是分外公道的。
There is a reason why startups do not embrace the cult of the occasionally interested founder.
首创公司不承受偶然有兴味的开创人不是没有缘由。
But passion can also warp judgment.
但酷爱也会歪曲判别。
For firms, the obvious pitfall is rewarding commitment over competence.
关于公司来说，分明的圈套是嘉奖投入而不是才能。
Just as that note-taking, detail-orientated baker could be churning out the world’s most disgusting profiteroles, the super-keen employee who volunteers for everything may not be that great at their job.
就像谁人做条记、注意细节的面包师能够会做出生界上最恶心的奶心巧克力酥球一样，一个超等热心的员工什么都情愿做，但能够任务才能并不精彩。
The paper by Mr Jachimowicz, Mr Wang and Ms Bailey finds that passion may indeed be blinding managers to reality:
杰希奥维茨、王和贝利的这篇论文发明，豪情能够的确让司理们看不清理想：
it finds that even when the performance of passionate employees is on the downward slope, they are still more likely to be given promotions than taciturn peers.
论文发明，即便充溢豪情的员产业绩降落，他们仍比夸夸其谈的同事更有能够失掉选拔。
Dangers also lurk for employees.
关于员工来说也埋伏着风险。
Even if commitment is heartfelt, passion comes in different varieties, some better than others.
即便发自心田地想投入任务，酷爱也有差别的体现方式，此中一些优于另一些。
Psychologists distinguish between harmonious passion, in which people engage in an activity because they genuinely enjoy it, and obsessive passion, a more compulsive behaviour in which people feel like they are not really in control of themselves.
心思学家区分了调和性酷爱和逼迫性酷爱，前者是指人们由于真正喜好某项运动而到场此中，后者是一种更具逼迫性的举动，人们觉得本人并不克不及真正控制本人。
One obvious pitfall stands out.
另有一个分明的圈套很凸出。
There are only so many ways to communicate passion.
便是表达酷爱的方法只要这么多。
Widening your eyes and nodding wildly: too weird.
睁大眼睛，猖獗摇头：太奇异了。
Jumping, whooping and sweating: even weirder.
蹦蹦跳跳、喝彩尖叫、直冒热汗：更奇异了。
Working ever longer hours, on the other hand, is a fairly simple way to show that your commitment is beyond question.
另一方面，延伸任务工夫是一种标明你无须置疑地投入任务的极复杂方法。
Some evidence suggests that employers feel justified in exploiting that fact.
一些证据标明，店主会理屈词穷天时用这一现实。
A survey by academics at Duke University, the University of Oregon and Oklahoma State University found that people thought it was more legitimate to ask passionate workers than disengaged ones to work for no money and to miss time they were meant to be spending with their families.
杜克大学、俄勒冈大学和俄克拉荷马州立大学的学者的一项观察发明，人们以为让酷爱任务的员工无偿任务、捐躯他们本应与家人共度的光阴，比让对任务不上心的员工如许做更公道。
They are also more comfortable with the idea of asking passionate employees to do totally unrelated tasks.
他们让酷爱任务的员工去做并非分外的义务也更不会以为欠好意思。
People apparently believe that if you love your job, you will enjoy cleaning the office toilets more than people who are less enthused by it.
人们显然以为，假如你酷爱本人的任务，你就会比那些不酷爱任务的人更喜好清扫办公室茅厕。
It is great to feel passion for your job.
对任务充溢酷爱是很棒的。
But if you are up at 4 am for a meeting with Asia, constantly working on your holiday or have just been handed a bottle of bleach and a mop by your boss, you are in the grip of something that is not entirely healthy.
但假如你清晨4点起床参与亚洲那里的集会，在假期里不绝加班，或许老板递给你一瓶漂白剂和一个拖把，那么你就被某种不完全安康的工具控制住了。
